Does anyone know what black is used for ?
Pretty much anything, partly due to the fact there wasnt colour coding to the way there is now, and partly due to contractors that work for all utilities so end up using what ever at times. Also depends where you find it layed.
These days we use a black ribbed duck for electric cables, and lay a thivk plastic marker tape stating its electric. For smaller service cable its a rigid black plastic tube, which normally has Electricity printed in white, which does fade off.
But the vast majority of electrical mains cables are laid striaght in the ground.
From experiance i have black ducks to be electrical, BT (who normally use grey, or orangey red clay ducts) water (normal Blue these days) more often then not for drainage and even gas (normally yellow) so best advice be very very very carefull if you open it up.
heavy duty electric cable would normally be laid in a bed of sand as it conducts to much heat when inclosed in a duct.
Really where did you hear that from
More like cost then anything!
Cables and all ducts should be sanded before being stoned, and topped of with what ever they need it concrete, tarmac, top soil. Unless using a particurly type of tarmac that can be filled striahgt on top.
Mains cables are armoured and dont need ducting normally but are normally ducted accross road crossing to save digging up roads, or leadig upto the meter positions if you need to get a new cable in.
Infact locally theres some upgrades being done, all the cable is being laid in large black plastic ducting.