I cannot see the Exif either, I'm sorry. But I assume you did not take the picture in RAW, but used the camera-created jpg? If you created the jpg yourself outside the camera, using the in-camera jpg creation may also help.
With so much light, a shutter time of 1/125 or 1/250 would be enough, and ISO 200. When it gets a bit cloudier, and you want to use fast shutter times, use ISO 400. Having that bright surface and the dark area in the same picture may indeed throw your metering off track. If you took RAW pictures, you might be able to recover the detail in a tool like Lightroom. Another source of risk is when you have a viewfinder which doesn't show 100% of the actual picture. There may be a bright sand pathway at the bottom edge of the image which you don't even see in the viewfinder when you take the picture, and it may completely throw your metering off track.
I had cheap compacts for several years. I took a lot of really nice pictures with them (carefree package, point and shoot). When I got my first DSRL, I was also disappointed. I had pretty much the same symptoms you're showing in that image. I at the time chose to buy a camera which is particularly good at coping with high dynamic requirements, and I was happy ever after. But I'm being told by many that it is just a matter of how you use the camera. I don't entirely believe it, as logically, when the camera has physical limits, even the best photographer can only work around them, but not eliminate them.
By and large, if you want to be more serious about photography and are willing to spend the time to process the images, you should take RAW format images and process them in Lightroom. There, you can do a lot with the images. If you don't want to be too serious, a compact may indeed not be the worst way to go. Or something in the middle, there is a wide range of good cameras in between compacts and SLRs. You might want to ask the users of M42 cameras how good their camera's jpg engine is. As I understand it, the compacts process images quite heavily to create the jpg. Apparently your and my first DSLR (also a Canon) don't do that. Or it is just you and me not using them optimally
