Is my maths for power usage right, and where's the maximum?

Major Eazy

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Before you suggest that there are PSU calculators on the Internet, yes, I have already tried most of them off Google. I'm fine with them and accept that they are only suggestions and not actual fact. I just want to do my own maths to compare to the information I got off those calculators. I know I can find actual answers from manuals, online, on the package, etc., but some of them I can't find actual details. I don't mind if the figures are just a rough rounded up rule of a thumb numbers. I thought to check with you and see if you agree with me, or if I've made any mistakes, please feel free to point out to me the correct figures. Based on what I learn, am I right in understanding that...

CPUs tend to vary between around 80w to 150w (depending on models, I have a CPU that draws 95w).

Most 3.5" HDDs at busy writing speed are likely to use roughly about just 10w? (if I have two, then it's a case of 2x 10w)

Most SSDs (while we know draws less power than HDDs) would use what? About 3w? (I think my SSD did mention something about 2.4 but I'm not sure if it did meant watts not volts)

200mm LED fans use about 4w each.

RAM. I'm still not very sure about it. All I can find is "1.5v" but what's that in watts? I've been unable to find out how much power in watts do a single DDR3 stick use.

Graphics card. (At the moment, I've already ordered one, and I think its specifications mention it using 120w) so do such cards tend to use vary between 100w to 200w?

The motherboard (Sabertooth 990FX)'s manual mention a recommend minimum of 350w, but I was wondering, do the motherboard needs some power for itself? Do this "350w" means it needs 350w to power the CPU, RAM, HDD, etc., or do it meant the MB needed 350w for itself but I still have to add the 95w for CPU and add for the rest of the parts?)

Do a Blu-Ray combo writer use around 10w? I haven't found some data, but I assume should use about same power as HDDs do, but then it use laser, so do it need a tiny little more?

I still haven't found out what kind of power some of those big CPU coolers (those big heatsink and fans stuff that we tend to prefer over that of ones supplied with the CPUs) use. Any suggestions on how much power?

So far, I've worked out that at a minimum I'm looking at 620w, but of course, that's minus the CPU cooler and RAM, so I thought to throw in an extra 30w and round it up to 650w. But how much extra power do you usually like to throw in on top of the minimum you've worked out so far?

How am I doing with my work out so far?

One last thing: I know that the PSU I need must be a bit more than the minimum power usage the computer's likely to need, and that I must not go for a PUS that offer less power than the minimum. This sort of information can be found everywhere, in books, in magazines, on the Internet, we, you and I, all often suggest that advice to others. But the odd thing is that I don't remember even noticing any information on a maximum limit.

For example, let's say you build a computer that needs 5XXw and you bought a 650w or even a 750w, that would be fine, but would it harm the computer if you went for a 1000w or 1200w PSU just for a PC that only needed less than 600w. I can image it would be a bit of an overkill, and a waste of money, but as there seems no mention on a maximum, do that imply it's okay??
 
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The wattage or amperage of a PSU can be anything, as long as it's equivalent to or higher than the power drawn by the device its powering. The rating of the PSU is the maximum power that the PSU can deliver. If you have a 1000W PSU and your computer only draws 500W then the PSU is only running at 50% of its capable capacity. Because of this the PSU will run cooler than if it was running at 100%.

The problems will only arise where the PSU is not sufficient enough to power the devices as the PSU will be overworked, will overheat and eventually fail.

The wattage is the volts x amps.
 
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It's not overkill but futureproofing - a higher rated PSU will support more hardware as you upgrade your system. Alternatively, you'll select a lower rated PSU and when you upgrade by adding another hard drive for example, there won't be enough power to boot and you'll have to upgrade the PSU again. All of the devices will draw what they need.

EDIT: Post up the spec you're after of each component and we can take it from there. There are power supply calculators that go off each individual component.
 
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Make sure when looking at PSU's you get a good quality unit and not something just because it has a high wattage capacity for a cheap price. Cheaper units might not supply stable power for your components and can actually cause damage if there's a spike/brownout in the supplied power. Component manufacturers will often over specify what their components need because people will buy the cheap power supplies, so you could use a lesser but more stable PSU to power the system.

The efficiency of the unit will also play a part, if your system uses 500w at full use, a less efficient system might be pulling 600w from the wall, but a more efficient PSU might only use 530w. PSU's will be more efficient towards their rated output so it's not worth spending money on a PSU that will be overkill for the system.
 
There's a few things.

1. CPU's are given a TDP (Thermal Design Power) which is usually stated in Watts. This is a measure of the maximum amount of heat a CPU can generate, not a measure of it's maximum power dissipation. You will have to dig a bit deeper into the interwebs for that.
2. The Motherboard itself can be a big contributor to overall power consumption, dependant upon chipset and voltage regulation hardware (capacitors/chokes/transistors)
3. HDD power consumption is not that huge. Most drives will peak at around 10-12 Watts when used and idle somewhere under 5 Watts. There's a peak when a drive is first spun up, so allow a some extra headroom for this.
4. Most power supplies will return the best efficiency under load. Thus, choosing a 1200 watt PSU when all you really need is a 350 watt PSU to cope with your systems demands, can result in a considerably more power usage
5. The most power hungry computer components by far are GPUs. And the only systems that really need very large power supplies are running multiple GPUs. A 1200 watt PSU should only be necessary if you are running multiple GPUs and seriously over clocking.
 
The wattage or amperage of a PSU can be anything, as long as it's equivalent to or higher than the power drawn by the device its powering. The rating of the PSU is the maximum power that the PSU can deliver. If you have a 1000W PSU and your computer only draws 500W then the PSU is only running at 50% of its capable capacity. Because of this the PSU will run cooler than if it was running at 100%.

The problems will only arise where the PSU is not sufficient enough to power the devices as the PSU will be overworked, will overheat and eventually fail.

The wattage is the volts x amps.

So if the RAM says 1.5v, then all I have to do is find out what amps it use, and volts x amps = watts?

I'm aware I have to make sure the PSU needs to be bit more than whatever minimum the whole computer needs, but it's good to know that going for too hight won't be a problem, thanks.

It's not overkill but futureproofing - a higher rated PSU will support more hardware as you upgrade your system. Alternatively, you'll select a lower rated PSU and when you upgrade by adding another hard drive for example, there won't be enough power to boot and you'll have to upgrade the PSU again. All of the devices will draw what they need.

EDIT: Post up the spec you're after of each component and we can take it from there. There are power supply calculators that go off each individual component.

That's true, aiming for too high do future-proof your computer for any new upgrades or additions, I agree with you.
 
Yes, but I've never seen ram that states the amps. I wouldn't worry to much about the power consumption of the ram anyway. It would be tiny compared to something like the HDD or GPU.
 
Yes, but I've never seen ram that states the amps. I wouldn't worry to much about the power consumption of the ram anyway. It would be tiny compared to something like the HDD or GPU.

My motherboard got four banks, I'll be using them all, each RAM is 1866HMz 8GB. Okay so if a HDD draws around 10w (when busy doing writing), so should I say the whole RAM set draws say round it up to 10w? That good enough?
 
Honestly, I don't know how much power ram would draw. I wouldn't have thought it would be anything like HDD. HDD has motors to spin the plates and move the heads which would require more power than a solid state device.

Comparing ram to a SSD would be better.
 
Honestly, I don't know how much power ram would draw. I wouldn't have thought it would be anything like HDD. HDD has motors to spin the plates and move the heads which would require more power than a solid state device.

Comparing ram to a SSD would be better.

I agree with you, I can image a RAM using about more or less same amount of power as a SSD rather than a HDD, but on the other hand, surely overestimating the power usage the RAM needs being compared to a HDD, say 10w for each memory stick, and tally up with the rest of the hardware, do mean the total power I think the whole computer needs would be a bit higher than it actually need, so I'll end up buying a PSU that gives a little more power than what the computer really need is better than underestimating it and end up with a PSU that don't give enough power.

No worries, I'll just call it 10w for each RAM, so I'll just say I need to draw 40w from PSU for the RAM, and have already factored in my workout.

Thanks for giving me food for thought. :-)
 
Some manufacturers will publish detailed spec or data sheets for their products.
For instance, I specced 2x Kingston 8GB DDR3L RAM for my server and going from memory, the data sheet indicates each DIMM draws a maximum of 2.1 Watts.
 
Some manufacturers will publish detailed spec or data sheets for their products.
For instance, I specced 2x Kingston 8GB DDR3L RAM for my server and going from memory, the data sheet indicates each DIMM draws a maximum of 2.1 Watts.

Can't find the Watts usage my Corsair Vengeance use, all I found in the data sheet and specs was 1.5v, but thanks for the information, if yours use 2.1w, then all I have to do is just factor in say a round up figure of say 5w for each stick, actually I already factored in a bit too much, say 10w each, so I've worked out the roughly rounded up the minimum watts of the PSU I should think of buying.

Thanks for the information.
 
Guys, guys, guys...

Many thanks to all of you for the information and details.

Apart from needing to know generally rule of a thumb how much power usage do one of those big CPU coolers (examples being Cooler Master or be quiet! or any other companies, but you know what I meant, very big boxy shaped heatsink and fan sort), as I'm still looking, reviewing, and narrowing the list, so figure to throw in 50w (rough round figure) to the tally, now with most of your help, I've managed to work out to nearest rounded up figure the power usage I feel I need.

Most of those online PSU calculators a bit way off, I've now got the general idea of how much watts the PSU I want buy should be.
 
The energy consumption of the CPU cooler will depend on the fans it has. You should only be talking a handful of watts for each fan on the cooler.
I have a Noctua cooler and Noctua case fans - I'd be surprised if the amounted to a couple of watts all together.
Plugging in a fan on my home-built firewall ups the power consumption by 1 watt.

Unless you are running multiple graphics cards, a 500 watt PSU should be sufficient for most high end systems.
 
For what you're looking at, a decent 500W - 550W will be absolutely fine. This is beased on experience rather than maths.

As an example, i have a 550W PSU. I also have an overclocked i5-2500k, 2 r9 270X GPU's (also overclocked at the time), 2 SSD's, 8GB Ram, many fans (3*140 & 4*12), use my PC PSU to power an external battery charger, and have never hit the limit.

I did once do a synthetic load test, CPU and GPU's running absolutely full tilt, and maximum INPUT power to the PC was around 470W. Allow for some efficiency losses in the PSU, the computer itself was pulling ~400W
 
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