Throughout this thread, I have been accused of a few things (none very complimentary), and normally I would accept this as the normal cut and thrust that a thread like this throws up. However one poster went beyond what I consider the norm for such a discussion, and as so often happens in these situations, it became a bit of a feeding frenzy.
So I pm'd the poster asking what the obvious inaccuracies that I presented.
The response was primarily around the right to privacy within the UK, and that the Human Rights Act only applies to public bodies, and that my notion that there is a right to privacy within the UK and that the HRA applies to individuals as well as to public bodies is totally inaccurate.
I responded to the poster outlining (as below) why I maintain that these statements are valid accurate and true.
I sent my response yesterday morning and invited comment on the points I raised.
At time of posting this I have not had a response.
So I will attempt to refute the allegations and justify my statements via this post.
I'm aware that it will not be of the slightest interest to most of you, and the likelihood is that your eyes are starting to glaze if you have got this far, however it is important to me, so I'll press on.
Please note, I will not be giving an opinion on the aspects of legislation presented. Also to prevent any accusation of quoting out of context, I have included links to the full text where I have quoted parts of the legislation or rulings.
In the context of this discussion, the two areas of the Human Rights Act (convention) that have influence, Article 8 -Right to Privacy And Article 10-Freedom of Expression.
Article 8 includes reference to private photographs (my emphasis in the text.)
The right to privacy consists essentially in the right to live one's own life with a minimum of interference. It concerns private, family and home life, physical and moral integrity, honour and reputation, avoidance of being placed in a false light, non-revelation of irrelevant and embarrassing facts, unauthorised publication of private photographs, protection against misuse of private communications, protection from disclosure of information given or received by the individual confidentially. Those who, by their own actions, have encouraged indiscreet revelations about which they complain later on, cannot avail themselves of the right to privacy.
Source Resolution 428 (1970)
Full text:
http://assembly.coe.int//main.asp?l...oe.int/Documents/AdoptedText/TA70/ERES428.htm
Prior to 1998, the wording of the act (convention) did in fact mean only the Right to Privacy in relation to public bodies, however (partly as a consequence of the death of Princess Diana) a new resolution was issued which contained the following instruction:
However, the Assembly points out that the right to privacy afforded by Article 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights should not only protect an individual against interference by public authorities, but also against interference by private persons or institutions, including the mass media
Full text:
http://assembly.coe.int/main.asp?Link=/documents/adoptedtext/ta98/eres1165.htm
Source: Resolution 1165
Since the HRA came into force in 2000, and as up till then the UK had no constitutional right to privacy, Article 8 and Article 10 (among others) had to be accommodated within the law.
There have been a number of high profile cases recently concerning photographs of famous people and their 'right to privacy' under the HRA, and in each instance the courts had to consider (alongside other legal considerations), and make a judgement regarding these 'right to privacy' under the HRA
To give some examples
Campbell-v- MGN
Full text:
http://www.bailii.org/uk/cases/UKHL/2004/22.html
Some relevant parts from the Lords of Appeal judgement on the case:
Part 17
The time has come to recognise that the values enshrined in articles 8 and 10 are now part of the cause of action for breach of confidence. As Lord Woolf CJ has said, the courts have been able to achieve this result by absorbing the rights protected by articles 8 and 10 into this cause of action: A v B plc QB 195, 202, para 4. Further, it should now be recognised that for this purpose these values are of general application. The values embodied in articles 8 and 10 are as much applicable in disputes between individuals or between an individual and a non-governmental body such as a newspaper as they are in disputes between individuals and a public authority
Part 18
In reaching this conclusion it is not necessary to pursue the controversial question whether the European Convention itself has this wider effect. Nor is it necessary to decide whether the duty imposed on courts by section 6 of the Human Rights Act 1998 extends to questions of substantive law as distinct from questions of practice and procedure. It is sufficient to recognise that the values underlying articles 8 and 10 are not confined to disputes between individuals and public authorities. This approach has been adopted by the courts in several recent decisions, reported and unreported, where individuals have complained of press intrusion
Part 50
- but I can see no logical ground for saying that a person should have less protection against a private individual than he would have against the state for the publication of personal information for which there is no justification. Nor, it appears, have any of the other judges who have considered the matter.
Murray-v-Express Newspapers
http://www.bailii.org/ew/cases/EWHC/Ch/2007/1908.html
Zeta Jones/Douglas-v-Hello
http://www.bailii.org/ew/cases/EWHC/Ch/2003/786.html
In 2002 Sarah Thomas (the law firm that represented Hello) made these comments on the above case:
Full article:
http://privacydataprotection.co.uk/journal/articles/media/
The three Lord Justices charted the progress of the common law in this area whereby the Courts have created, in effect, an artificial relationship of confidence in order to protect what is essentially an individuals claim to privacy but dressed up in the name of confidence. But the Court now also had to give equal consideration to the Human Rights Act that many have hoped would provide a fresh aspect to the law of privacy. Although the Human Rights Act clearly enshrines the right to privacy as set out in Article 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights (and therefore allows individuals to enforce this and other Convention rights), the larger consideration is whether it allows private individuals to bring proceedings against one another for breaches of these rights, i.e. does the Act have 'horizontal effect'? The question had to be asked because of section 6 where it is stated that the Act only applies to public authorities ('vertical effect').
In order to allow Douglas and Zeta-Jones to assert their right to privacy under Article 8, the Court needed to consider whether or not the Act did have 'horizontal effect'. The argument in favour of horizontal effect is that Courts are public bodies and as such they are obliged to give regard to the Convention when applying the common law in litigation between private individuals. As it was an interim hearing, the Court did not analyse this point in depth, but it did accept that it had to give some regard to the effect of Article 8 together with the other rights enshrined in the Convention. It was made clear in the judgment that the media, although clearly not a public body, would not be immune from respecting the protections afforded to individuals by virtue of the Act
......The individual's right to privacy has finally been recognised by English law