Since the 1940s, populations of northern [aka great] crested newts have declined in most of Europe due to loss of habitat. In England, Wales, and Scotland, it is a protected species under Schedule 5 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981, and under equivalent legislation in Northern Ireland. It is also a European Protected Species and as such it has additional protection in the UK under Regulation 39 of the Conservation (Natural Habitats etc.) Regulations 1994 (the Habitats Regulations), as amended by the Conservation (Natural Habitats, &c.) (Amendment) Regulations 2007. It is an offence to:
* Intentionally kill, injure or take a northern crested newt
* Possess or control any live or dead specimen or anything derived from a northern crested newt
* Intentionally or recklessly damage, destroy or obstruct access to any structure or place used for shelter or protection by a northern crested newt (in practice this means both its breeding sites, and its terrestrial habitat)
* Intentionally or recklessly disturb a northern crested newt while it is occupying a structure or place which it uses for that purpose