Here's how I do it:
1 Duplicate the background layer, turn off visibility of the background layer.
2 With the new layer, straighten if necessary and crop if wanted.
3 Do initial sharpening if the photo is soft
4 Use one or more adjustment layers to get the lighting and tonality the way I want.
5 Do any healing/cloning on a new layer.
6 Apply any filters and, if needed or wanted, add more adjustment layers.
7 Do a 'stamp visible' to create a merged top layer.
8 Do final sharpening.
9 Save the .psd and a JPEG for upload.
This is a basic photo processing workflow. Obviously it will change if I want to do composites, background changes, etc. Also I haven't bothered to mention all the selecting and mask work involved. It's also very late in the day (actually, very early the next day) and I may have missed something or other.